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Peran Uji Bioaktivitas untuk Penelitian Herbal dan Bahan Aktif untuk Obat Berbasis Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia

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Published

August 1, 2019

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Nina Artanti

Keywords:

Bioaktivitas, Keanekaragaman Hayati, Obat, Papua, Indonesia

Synopsis

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara di antara 17 negara megabiodiversitas di dunia, memiliki 2 dari 35 daerah hotspot biodiversity, yaitu Sunda Land (No. 31) dan Wallacea (No. 34); serta Tanah Papua, yang merupakan bagian dari Pulau New Guinea, yang termasuk high biodiversity wilderness areas. Indonesia juga memiliki lautan dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat tinggi karena merupakan pusat segitiga karang dunia. Sayangnya, program konservasi di Indonesia dirasakan belum optimal karena berbagai masalah, seperti pembalakan liar, alih fungsi lahan, dan kebakaran hutan2. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Margono dkk. melaporkan bahwa Indonesia telah kehi langan 6,02 juta ha hutan dalam kurun waktu 2000–2012 dengan tingkat deforestasi tahunan mencapai 0,82 juta ha per tahun pada 2012. Hal ini perlu dicegah dengan menunjukkan potensi nyata dari berbagai keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia. Salah satu potensi tersebut ialah pemanfaatannya sebagai obat.

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